On this day …

  • In 1377, Pope Gregory XI moved the Papacy back to Rome from Avignon.
  • In 1595, Henry IV of France declared war on Spain.
  • In 1904, Anton Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard premiered at the Moscow Art Theatre.
  • In 1917, the United States paid Denmark $25 million for the Virgin Islands.
  • In 1929, Popeye the Sailor Man first appeared in the Thimble Theatre comic strip.
  • In 1950, “The Great Brink’s Robbery” took place, when 11 thieves stole more than $2 million from the company’s offices in Boston.
  • In 1961, President Dwight D. Eisenhower warned against the accumulation of power by the “military-industrial complex” in his farewell address to the nation.
  • In 1977, Gary Gilmore was executed by firing squad in Utah, ending a 10-year moratorium on capital punishment in the United States.